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No. 350,975. Patented Oct. 19, 1886.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

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ARG LAMP.

N0. 350,975. Patented Oct. 19, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELISHA IS. OUTTEN, OF PITTSBURG, PA., ASSIGNOR TO THE ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL DEVELOPING COMPANY, SAME PLACE.

ARC LAMP.

SPECFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No.

350,975, dated Ootobe119,l886.

Application lilcd April 27,1885. Serial 370.162,56?. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Beit known that I, EmsHri B. CUTrnN, a resident of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ot' Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Regulators for Electric-Arc Lamps, ofwhich the following is a speciiication.

In electric-arc lamps as commonly made difiienlty is experienced on account of the occasional .sudden dropping of the upper-carbon pencil, due usually to the slipping ofthe clutch which engages the carbonholding rod, or to a want o'l'sensitiveness in the regulating mechanism, which renders its action so slow that after releasing the clutch and permitting the rod to descend it fails to effect a re-engage ment until the carbon has fallen too far. This occasions sudden and violent variations in the length ofthe are and a ilickering and dashing of the light. A construction has been patented which seeks to overcome this difficulty by providing an additional clutch distinct from the feeding mechanism for engaging the can bon-holding rod, which clutch is connected to a retarding device-such as a daslrpot-by which it is enabled to hold the rod when the latter is released by the feeding mechanism and canse it t-o descend by a slow and steady movement instead of dropping suddenly. The additional clutch is lifted again in order to talee a fresh hold of the rod bythe movement of the solenoid, which causes the separation of the earbons.

My invention constitutes an improvement upon this construction; and it consists of eertain mechanism in combination, as will be described, whereby the efiicient and reliable op eration of the retarding device is assured.

Figure l of the accompanying drawings is a front elevation, infirtlyin section, of the regnlating mechanism of an are lamp constructed Vaccording to mypresent invention; and Fig. 2

is a plan thereof, partly in horizontal section, eut in the plane ofthe line 2 2 in Fig. l. Fig. i is a diagram designed to better illustrate the operation. rihe rcmaini ng hgures a re diagrams illustrating modifications. Fig. 4 illus* trates the application oi' my invention to an arc lamp governed by a thermo-expansion regulator, and Fig. 5 shows a modified construction applied to a s1ilenoid-regnlator.

Referring to Figs. l, 2, and 3, let A designate the frame ol" the lamp; O O', the upper and lower carbon pencils, respectively, D, the rod for holding the upper carbon; F, the usual ringclntch for engaging this rod; G and G', the solenoids or electro-magnets for effecting thelifting and feeding of the upper carbon, the solenoid-coil G being of low resistance and installed in the main circuit, and the solenoidcoil G being of comparativelyhigh resistance and installed in the derived circuit around the are, and H II the levers for communicating the movement of the solenoid-cores to the clutch F. The lever II is connected to the core ofthe solenoid G, and a rod, t, fixed to it, takes under one end of the clutch F, so that when the coil G is excited and draws np its core the clutch F is elevated, thus lifting the upper carbon and forming the are. The lever H is connected to a dash-pot, J, as usual, to prevent too sudden movement or hanr mering.7 The lever Il is connected to the core of the solenoid G', and its free end takes over the lever H, so that when the solenoid G is excited by an increased derived current and draws np its core the opposite end of thele ver II presses down on lever II, forcing the latter downward, and eventually releasing the clutch and allowing the rod D to descend. The adjustable springs I. I@ Fig. 3, are designed to connterlnilancc the weight of the cores.

The clutch F may be the ordinary tilting ring or washer, but I prefer the construction shown in Figs. l and 2, which is that claimed in my Patent No. 324,305, dated August ll, 1885. It consists of a ring, a, pivoted within an annular lever, Z, one end of which is acted on by the end of the rod l, and the other end (the tail) rests on a stop-screw, c. The ring a is pivoted on an axis extending longitudinally of the lever from to c. rlhe tail ot' the lever is pressed donn upon by a light springd, which reacts against nul, e, screwed on a slender prolongation ol' the screw c. A second clutch, li, is arranged to engage the rod D, one end of iis lever i) being connected to the lever Iii, and the other end being connected to a retarding device. In this construction theretarding device .is a dash-pot, L, consisting ofa cylinder filled with glycerine or other IOO ` serves as an adjustable shoulder, which takes under the clutch K. A spring, N, connected to the lever M, serves to exert an upward tension on the clutch K and a downward pressure on the plunger p; or this spring may be omitted and the plunger be ina-de heavy enough to accomplish the same result. Normally one end of the clutch K is elevated by,

the tension ofthe spring N acting through the link n, so that the clutch bites or engages the rod D. Vhen from the lengthening of the arc the regulating mechanism releases the clutch F, the rod does not fall, but is suspended by the clutch K and link n from the end of the lever M, as shown in Fig. 3, its weight thus exerting an upward pull on the plunger of the dash-pot. The leakage of the glycerine around this plunger permits the latter to -move slowly, thus causing the rod D and carbon C to descend slowly until the arc is sufvfieiently shortened, whereupon the regulating mechanism causes the clutch F to agai-n engage the rod 'D. This is effected when the derived current has so decreased that the free end ofthe lever H nolonger presses downward upon the lever H, but rises therefrom, as shown in Fig. 1. In so rising it lifts the rod b and elevates the tail of the clutch K, thereby freeing the latter and enabling the springN to act to elevate the opposite end of the clutch and depress the plunger, ready for the next lowering ofthe rod. Vhenever the resistance of the arc necessitates a further feed, the down. ward movement of the free endof the lever H first drops the .tail of the clutch K, thus engaging this clutch with the rod, and then depresses the lever H yand releases the clutch F, when the slow downward feeding of the carbon again takes place. Thus it is seen that the rod D is always held by one of the two clutches, neither being disengaged from it until the other has engaged with it. The clutch K does not interfere with the lifting of the rod, either to establish the arc or in order to insert new earbons.

The construction and voperation being understood, the improvement which constitutes my invention may now be made clear. In the construction heretofore made which most nearly resembles my inve-ntion the tail-clutch K is connected to the core of thelow-resistance solenoid G, (which core in that construction carries the high-resistance coil upon it,) so

, that when the core rises, because of the shortening of the arc, the tail of the clutch K is lifted and the clutch is permitted to be fed up Wardto take a 'fresh hold ofthe rod. Vith that construction the clutch K is lifted only when the feeding-clutch is lifted and to an extent proportionalto that to which the feeding- Clutch is lifted. 4In the ordinary working of the lamp the movement of the feeding-clutch is very slight, and consequently the clutch K can be lifted but a very short distance each time, and there is liability that it may at times be lifted (and thereby rendered inoperative) when the feeding-clutch is released and-before the latter is lifted high enough to cause itto take hold. Myinvention avoids any such liahilityby operating the two clutches F and K independently and by separate magnets or solenoi-ds, and by for providing giving the tail of clutch K a prolonged lift after the lift -of the clutch, carrying with it the carbonholding rod, has ceased. To make this action more clear, let us again follow the operation after the lowering of the upper carbon has taken place. The shortening of the are reduces the derived current, and the core of solenoid G is released and descends. thereby elevating the opposite end of lever H', which ceases to press downward on leverH. As this end of lever Hl rises the lever H rises with it until the clutch F takes hold of the rod D, when the lever H ceases moving. The

'lever H', however, continues its motion andV lifts the rod it and thetail of the clutch'K several times higher than they would have been lifted by the motion ofthe lever H alone. Then, before another feed can take place, the lever H must move back, the iirst effect of which is to drop the clutch K into engagement,

and the nal effect of which is to press down lever H until it releases. clutch F. Thus it cannot happen that clutch F is disengaged before clutch K is brought into engagement with the rod.

Fig. 4 shows a thermo expansion regulator,

Abeing that embodiedin my application for patent on electric-arc lamps executed this day. (Application No. 163,486, filed April 25,1885.) In this regulator two thermo expansion devices, G and G', are substituted for the electromagnets or solenoids in Fig. 1. The thermo device G consists of a series of fine wires stretched between two metal bars and receiving the main current in multiple. The thermo device G consist-s of one, two, or more fine wires wound spirally over insulating-bars so as to form a flat coil or coils, through which the current in the derived circuit ows. As the current flowing through these thermo devices varies, they heat and cool, and consequently expand and contract, moving thev levers H and H', which levers receive the tension of springs I and l in such direction that they tend to stretch the wires G and G', and the two springs pull against each other when the levers arein contact. When the thermo device G is heated and relaxes, the spring I lifts the clutch F and rod D. When G' is. heated and relaxes, the spring I( presses in the opposite direction, overcomes the effective need of t-he usual dash-pot, J, Fig. 1, as the roo IIO

movements of the thermo devices G G' are positive and free lfrom momentum; but there is with this regulating mechanism, as with others, a liability that the carbon may i'all too far, and to prevent 'this l apply the second clutch, K, and its lift-ing and retarding devices. Their construction is substantially the same as in the Vl'orm iirstdescribed. 'Vhen the free end of the lever H' moves down, it drops the tail ot' clutch K, and permits it to engage the rod `before it depresses lever H' enough to disengage clutch ih @n rising it lifts the tail of clutch'K a considerable distance and permits spring l? to draw up the clutch and press down the plunger p in the dash-pot cylinder. This movement ot' the plunger is facilitated by its lacing constructed with cupped packing, as shown, which yields as it moves downward, but swells outwardlyT as it is pulled upward by the descent ot' the carbon. In this instance it is sullicieut if the dash-pot contain only air instead' ot' liquida ln Fig. 5 i havesho w n another form ofsolenoidregulating mechanism, to which is applied a modified construction ot' myinvention. The cores ot the solenoids G and G are connected to opposite ends of a walkingsbeam or lever, H, the former by being-jointed to it and the latter by having a toe, u, which takes over the end oi' the lever and, bears down upon the latterv when the core is drawn downward by the attraction ol the coil. A spring, I', is an ranged to pull upwardly on the core of (l, and lills its toe a above the lever H, except when the current in the`derived circuit is sufficient to cause the solenoid tt' to draw the core down. A lever, H2, is ljointed to the stem of the core, and its free end, which rises and falls with the movement of the core, earriesapendent link, /1. the lower end oi' which takes under the tail ot' the clutch K. The other end of this clutch is connected by a rod, a, with a ratchet-rack, .r, which is drawn upward byaspring, Lwhieh thus tends to lil't the clutch K. The inclined teeth ol' the ratchet-rackf mesh with the similar teeth ol" a ratchetwheel, nl, and are kept in mesh with the latter by a spring, s, which presses the rack toward the wheel, but which` yields when the raclt is moving upward and permits it to ireely pass the teeth of the ratchet-whecl. This wheel is n'xed on the same arbor with a gear, 3i', which meshes with a pinion, l, and on the arbor et' this pinion is itixed a l'an or ilier, L. This constitutes the retarding device. lll/Then the rod D is released by the clutch l?, it hangs suspended from the clutch K, and its weight comes upon the rack lr, overcoming the spring l. The rack, being in engagement with the ratchet-wheel m,rotates the latter, and consequently revolves the Vtan L, which retards the movement and causes the carbon to be lowered with a slow and even motion until its descent is interrupted by the rcengagement of the clutch F.

gagement occurs only when the solenoid G' has released its core and the toe a has ceased to press down upon the lever H2. The upward movement ot' the core raises thelever H2 and frees the clutch K, which is elevated again by the spring I and takes a new hold of the rod higher up.

I claim as my inventionl. ln an electric-arc lamp, the combination ot' the carbon-holding rod, the .leerling-clutch engaging said rod, a solenoid or equivalent electro-motive device in the main circuit connected to said clutch and adapted to lift said clutch and rod, a solenoid or equivalent electro-motive device in the derived circuit, its mobile member having a movement independent of that in the main circuit, and adapted when excited by a derived current to exert a pressure tending to release said feeding-el uteh, a second clutch engaging said rod, a retarding device connected to said second clutch and adapted to retard its descent, and connection between the mobile element of said derived` circuit eleetro-motive device and said second clutch, substantially as set forth, whereby on the diminution of the derived current said mobile element at'ter ceasing to act onthe feed ing-clutch takes under the tail of the second clutch and feeds it upward. Y

2. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination ot' carbon-holding rod D, feeding-clutch F, lever H, operating said clutch, a second clutch, K, engaging said rod, aretarding device to retard the descent of clutch K, a lever, H', adapted when depressed to bear down on le ver H to tend to release clutch F, and when elevated to rise free from lever H and lift the tail ot' clutch K, thereby feeding thelatterupward, and electro-motive devices in the main and derived circuits, respectively, wit-h their mobile elements connected, respectively, to levers H and H', substantially as set t'orth.

3. In an electric-arc lamp, the combination otthe carbon-holdi ngrod D, the feeding-clutch F, the lever H, controlling it, the solenoid G or equivalent electro` motive device in the main circuit, with its mobile elementconnect ed to said lever, the lever H', adapt-ed to bear down against lever yH or to rise i'ree therefrom, the solenoid G or equivalent electro-motive device in Ithe derived circuit, with its mobile element connected to said lever H', the clutch K, a spring tending to lift said clutch, a re tarding device adapted to retard the descent ot' said clutch, and averticallyadjustable connection between the lever H' and the tail of said clutch, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof l have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

llLlSHA B. CUTTEN. YVitnesses:

ARTHUR C. Faisan, Gnocca H. FRAsEn.

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